On Pricing Risky Loans and Collateralized Fund Obligations
نویسندگان
چکیده
Loan spreads are analysed for two types of loans. The rst takes losses at maturity only; the second one follows the formulation of CFOs (Collateralized Fund Obligations), with losses registered over the lifetime of the contract. In both cases, the implementation requires the choice of a process for the underlying asset value and the identi cation of the parameters. The parameters of the process are inferred from the option volatility surface by treating equity options as compound options with equity itself being viewed as an option on the asset value with a strike set at the debt level following Merton (1974). Using data on General Motors stock during the year 2002/2003, we show that the use of spectrally negative Lévy processes is capable of delivering realistic spreads without inating debt levels, deating debt maturities or deviating from the estimated probability laws. It is also observed that loan spreads are responsive to a high frequency of small moves and caution against the use of nite activity processes like jump di¤usions. Credit structuring technology has been very successfully used to develop the gigantic market of CDOs (Collateralized Debt Obligations), where a variety of bonds and debt instruments constitute the underlying assets. The more recent period has seen the advent of CFOs (Collateralized Fund Obligations), structures that o¤er investors exposure to funds of funds, and in some cases, private Dilip Madan acknowledges support from the Humboldt foundation as a Research Award Winner.
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